Kujieleza have something done katika lugha ya Kiingereza

Ili kuelewa maana ya usemi have something done katika Kiingereza kama vile imara kurekebisha katika akili zetu, na tuone thamani katika mfano unaofuata. Hebu fikiria hali: unahitaji kutembelea kwa baadhi ya matukio maalum. Ipasavyo, ni muhimu kuangalia nzuri na kifahari. Wewe bila wamekataa kuvaa mavazi pretty, lakini shida ni kwamba huna jambo hilo, na ununuzi wa fedha mpya haitoshi. Nini cha kufanya? Wewe mahesabu ya kiasi unaweza kuweka kando kwa ajili ya makala hii ya mavazi, na kwenda studio ambayo kushona nguo ili. Akielezea mtu kuhusu toleo, hivyo kuangalia kubwa katika chama, unaweza kusema: «Mimi sewed mavazi mpya.»

Jinsi ya kutafsiri sentensi hii? Jambo la kwanza kwamba inakuja akilini — I made a new dress Jinsi gani unaweza kuelewa chanzo? Na kama vile wewe alisema. «Mimi sewed mavazi mpya,» — Mimi kununuliwa kitambaa, kukata, aliketi cherehani na uliotungwa yake. Lakini hii si hivyo, kwa sababu mavazi alikuwa kushonwa katika studio. Ninawezaje kujua tofauti? Kuonyesha kwamba kitu kimefanyika kwa wewe au na wewe, lakini si wewe binafsi. Kuwa kwa sababu hii na lazima kujieleza « have something done » katika lugha ya Kiingereza. Kama tunaweza kuona, msemo huu ni pamoja na vipengele vitatu: kitenzi have / has / had (kulingana na mtu, idadi na muda), kitu au mtu (ambayo hatua unafanyika), kitendo ni aina ya Past Participle (kulia — katika ed makosa — fomu maalum). Wote maneno ni ili, kama inavyoonekana katika juu kujieleza, muundo na interchange hawezi kuwa.

Katika kutumia usemi have something done katika lugha ya Kiingereza, unaonyesha kwamba mtu mwingine amefanya baadhi ya hatua ama na wewe au na mali yako. Hapa ni mifano ya jinsi ya kutumia msemo huu:

• Present Simple ​​
  

  Every Friday Joe has his car washed. – Every Friday Joe has his car washed. – Kila Ijumaa, Joe washes gari lake. (lakini hawanawi mwenyewe binafsi, na anatoa mbali katika kuzama)

• Present Continuous ​​
  

  I am having a swimming pool built now. – I am having a swimming pool built now. – Mimi nina kujenga bwawa la kuogelea. (kundi la wafanyakazi kushiriki katika hili, na mimi siko peke yangu)

• Kujieleza going to
  

  He is going to have his eyes tested. – He is going to have his eyes tested. – Yeye anaenda kuwa na macho yako kupimwa. (kwenda kituo cha ophthalmology ambapo kila kitu ni checked wa macho)

• Past Simple
  

  I had the new dress made. – I had the new dress made. – Mimi sewed mavazi mpya. (sewed katika studio, na mimi si mwenyewe)

  Jill had the roof repaired. – Jill had the roof repaired. – Jill umeandaliwa paa jana. (si yenyewe ilipanda kwa kukarabati, na kusababisha wafanyakazi ambao ni kufanywa)

  Where did you have your hair cut? – Where did you have your hair cut? – Wapi kukata? (mtu akifanya kukata nywele)

  Did you have your newspaper delivered? – Did you have your newspaper delivered? – Je, kupata gazeti? (yeye alikuwa kuletwa kwenu, si wewe alikwenda ofisi ya posta na kuchukua)

  Where did you have your watch repaired? – Where did you have your watch repaired? – Wapi kuangalia umeandaliwa? (katika kile duka wewe ni amevaa yao)

  Why didn’t you have your fur-coat cleaned? – kusafishwa? Why didn’t you have your fur-coat cleaned? – Why didn’t you have your fur-coat cleaned? – Kwa nini wewe brushed kanzu yako? (si alichukua cleaners kavu)

• Present Perfect ​​
  

  I haven’t had the film developed yet. – I haven’t had the film developed yet. – Mimi bado umeonyesha filamu. (kwa maneno mengine, si kuileta katika maendeleo na kituo cha picha)

• Past Continuous
  

  They were having their new house decorated at that moment. – wakati huo. They were having their new house decorated at that moment. – They were having their new house decorated at that moment. – Wao kupambwa nyumba yake kwa wakati mmoja. (kundi la wafanyakazi kukutana kumaliza, si wamiliki wenyewe)

• Future Simple
  

  She will have her new book published. – She will have her new book published. – Ni mapenzi ya kutolewa kitabu chake kipya. (kutolewa mchapishaji, si mwandishi)

• Future Continuous
  

  I will be having my windows cleaned at that time. – wakati huo. I will be having my windows cleaned at that time. – I will be having my windows cleaned at that time. – Kwa wakati huu, mimi itabidi kuosha madirisha. (si washers walioajiriwa)

• Present Perfect Continuous ​​
  

  I have been having my sight tested for an hour already. – saa tayari. I have been having my sight tested for an hour already. – I have been having my sight tested for an hour already. – Tayari nina saa kuangalia macho. (si mwenyewe, daktari Tathmini yake)

• Past Perfect
  

  My mother had had her fence painted by the end of the week. – mwisho wa wiki. My mother had had her fence painted by the end of the week. – My mother had had her fence painted by the end of the week. – Mwishoni mwa wiki mama yangu walijenga uzio. (si walijenga mwenyewe na wafanyakazi walioajiriwa)

• Past Perfect Continuous
  

  They had been having the house tidied for an hour when I visited them. – saa wakati mimi alitembelea yao. They had been having the house tidied for an hour when I visited them. – They had been having the house tidied for an hour when I visited them. – Wao kusafishwa nyumba kwa saa moja, wakati nilikwenda yao.

• Modal vitenzi:
  

  We must have our washing machine repaired. – We must have our washing machine repaired. – Tunahitaji kurekebisha mashine ya kuosha. (kuwapa katika kwa ajili ya matengenezo)

• -ing form
  

  It’s worth having new sweater knitted. – It’s worth having new sweater knitted. – Ni muhimu kuhusisha sweta mpya. (yeye si kuunganishwa, na kuuliza rafiki yake)

Mwingine tofauti ya kujieleza have something done katika lugha ya Kiingereza ni kubuni get something done Katika suala la maana yake ni sawa, lakini pili ni zaidi ya kawaida kutumika katika matamshi ya kila siku. Kwa mfano:

Your beard is too long. I think you should get it trimmed. – Your beard is too long. I think you should get it trimmed. – Ndevu yako ni ndefu sana, unahitaji kata hiyo.

I need some copies. Do you know where I can get that made around here? – alifanya kuzunguka hapa? I need some copies. Do you know where I can get that made around here? – I need some copies. Do you know where I can get that made around here? – Nahitaji nakala chache. Je, unajua ambapo naweza kupata wafanye karibu?

The sole has come off my shoe. I need to get it repaired. – The sole has come off my shoe. I need to get it repaired. – Nikaona saa kiatu kisigino. Mimi haja ya kutengeneza viatu.

Naam, na, hatimaye, maana nyingine ya kujieleza have something done hudhihirisha yenyewe katika hali kama hiyo: Sisi aliwasili katika uwanja wa ndege kuruka kwenda nchi nyingine, na kugundua kwamba sisi wameiba mfuko wa fedha. Hapa katika kesi hii, na zitatumiwa na sisi kuchukuliwa kujieleza. Bila shaka, sisi hakukubaliana kuwa na kuiba kitu, wala kuuliza mtu wa kufanya hivyo. Kwa msemo huu sisi tu kuonyesha kwamba mtu kitu kilichotokea (kwa kawaida kitu mbaya).

Jack had his hand broken in a fight. – Jack had his hand broken in a fight. – Katika mapambano Jack kuvunja mkono wake. (si yenyewe, bila shaka)

We had all our money stolen. – We had all our money stolen. – Sisi aliiba pesa zote.

She had her hat blown off in the wind. – upepo. She had her hat blown off in the wind. – She had her hat blown off in the wind. – Kofia yake barugumu mbali.

Kujieleza have something done si ngumu wakati wote, ama kwa ajili ya kuhifadhi au kwa ajili ya matumizi. Lakini wakati huo huo mara nyingi sana kutumika, hivyo ni muhimu kujua yake. Kuchukua kumbuka kama kutumiwa na ujasiri hutumia katika hotuba.

 

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Grammar